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cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 1 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice features ? high efficiency 1.33x charge pump ? quad-mode charge pump: 1x, 1.33x, 1.5x, 2x ? drives up to 6 leds at 32ma each ? 1-wire ezdim tm led current programming ? power efficiency up to 92% ? low noise input ripple in all modes ? ?zero? current shutdown mode ? soft start and current limiting ? short circuit protection ? thermal shutdown protection ? tiny 3mm x 3mm, 16-lead tqfn package applications ? lcd display backlight ? color rgb leds ? cellular phones ? digital still cameras ? handheld devices ordering information part number package quantity per reel package marking cat3636 hv3-t2 tqfn-16 3x3 green 2000 jaaa * matte tin lead finish for ordering information details, see page 1 4. description the cat3636 is a high efficiency quad-mode fractional charge pump that can drive up to six leds programmable by a one wire digital interface. the inclusion of a 1.33x fractional charge pump mode increases device efficiency by up to 10% over traditional 1.5x charge pumps with no added external capacitors. low noise input ripple is achieved by operating at a constant switching frequency which allows the use o f small external ceramic capacitors. the multi-fractional charge pump supports a wide range of input voltages from 2.5v to 5.5v. the en/set logic input functions as a chip enable and a ?1-wire? addressable interface for control and current setting of all leds. three groups of two leds can be configured with independent led currents between 0.25ma and 32ma. the device is available in a tiny 16-lead tqfn 3mm x 3mm package with a max height of 0.8mm. the 1.33x charge pump with two fly capacitors is a patent pending architecture exclusive to catalyst semiconductor. pin configuration typical application circuit 6-channel quad-mode tm fractional led driver in tqfn3x3
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 2 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice absolute maximum ratings parameter rating unit vin, ledx, c1, c2 voltage 6 v vout voltage 7 v en/set voltage vin + 0.7v v storage temperature range -65 to +160 c junction temperature range -40 to +125 c lead temperature 300 c recommended operating conditions parameter rating unit vin 2.5 to 5.5 v ambient temperature range -40 to +85 c i led per led pin 0 to 32 ma total output current 0 to 192 ma typical application circuit with external components is shown on page 1. electrical operating characteristics (over recommended operating conditions unless specified otherwise) vin = 3.6v, en = high, t amb = 25 c symbol name conditions min typ max units i q quiescent current 1x mode, no load 1.33 x mode, no load 1.5x mode, no load 2x mode, no load 0.5 3.5 3 2.5 ma ma ma ma i qshdn shutdown current v en = 0v 1 a i led-acc led current accuracy 1ma i led 31ma 3 % i led-dev led channel matching led ledavg led i i i ? 1 % r out output resistance (open loop) 1x mode, i out = 100ma 1.33x mode, i out = 100ma 1.5x mode, i out = 100ma 2x mode, i out = 100ma 0.5 4.5 3.5 6 ? ? ? ? f osc charge pump frequency 1.33x and 2x mode 1.5x mode 0.6 0.8 0.8 1.1 1.1 1.4 mhz mhz i sc_max output short circuit current limit v out < 0.5v 80 ma led th 1x to 1.33x or 1.33x to 1.5x or 1.5x to 2x transition thresholds at any ledxx pin 150 mv v hys 1.33x to 1x transition hysteresis 400 mv t df transition filter delay 500 s i in_max input current limit v out > 1v 450 ma i en/dim v hi v lo en/dim pin ? input leakage ? logic high level ? logic low level -1 1.3 1 0.4 a v v t sd thermal shutdown 150 c t hys thermal hysteresis 20 c v uvlo undervoltage lockout (uvlo) threshold 2 v
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 3 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice recommended en/set timing for 2.5 vin 5.5v, over full ambient temp erature range -40 to +85oc. symbol name conditions min typ max units t setup en/set setup from shutdown 10 s t lo en/set program low time 0.2 100 s t hi en/set program high time 0.2 100 s t off en/set low time to shutdown 1.5 ms t datadelay en/set delay to data 500 1000 s t resetdelay en/set delay high to address 2 ms figure 1. en/set one wire addressable timing diagram
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 4 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice typical performance characteristics vin = 3.6v, i out = 120ma (6 leds at 20ma), c in = c out = c1 = c2 = 1 f, t amb = 25c unless otherwise specified. efficiency vs. input voltage 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 input voltage [v] efficiency [%] v f = 3.3v 1x 1.33x 1.5x 2x iout = 40ma efficiency vs. li-ion voltage 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.6 3.8 4.0 4.2 input voltage [v] efficiency [%] v f = 3.3v v f = 3.0v traditional 1.5x charge pump quiescent current vs. input voltage 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 input voltage [v] quiescent current [ma] v f = 3.3v quiescent current vs. temperature 0.0 1.0 2.0 3.0 4.0 5.0 6.0 -40-20 0 20406080 temperature [c] quiescent current [ma] 1x 1.33x 1.5x 2x led current change vs. input voltage -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 input voltage [v] led current variation [%] . v f = 3.3v led current change vs. temperature -10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0 2 4 6 8 10 -40-20 0 20406080 temperature [c] led current variation [%] .
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 5 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice typical performance characteristics vin = 3.6v, i out = 120ma (6 leds at 20ma), c in = c out = c1 = c2 = 1 f, t amb = 25c unless otherwise specified. switching frequency vs. temperature 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1.0 1.1 1.2 -40-20 0 20406080 temperature [c] switching frequency [mhz] 1.5x mode 1.33x, 2x mode output resistance vs. input voltage 0 2 4 6 8 10 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 input voltage [v] output resistance [ ? ] . 1x 1.33x 1.5x 2x v f = 3.3v power up in 1x mode power up in 1.33x mode power up in 1.5x mode power up in 2x mode
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 6 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice typical performance characteristics vin = 3.6v, i out = 120ma (6 leds at 20ma), c in = c out = c1 = c2 = 1 f, t amb = 25c unless otherwise specified. power down delay (1x mode) foldback current limit 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 0 100 200 300 400 500 output current [ma] output voltage [v] 1x mode operating waveforms in 1x mode switching waveforms in 1.33x mode switching waveforms in 1.5x mode switching waveforms in 2x mode
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 7 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice pin description pin # name function 1 ledc2 ledc2 cathode terminal 2 ledc1 ledc1 cathode terminal 3 ledb2 ledb2 cathode terminal 4 ledb1 ledb1 cathode terminal 5 leda2 leda2 cathode terminal 6 leda1 leda1 cathode terminal 7 vout charge pump output, connect to led anodes 8 vin charge pump input, connect to battery or supply 9 c1+ bucket capacitor 1, positive terminal 10 c1- bucket capacitor 1, negative terminal 11 c2+ bucket capacitor 2, positive terminal 12 c2- bucket capacitor 2, negative terminal 13/14 nc no connect 15 gnd ground reference 16 en/set device enable (active high) and 1 wire control input tab tab connect to gnd on the pcb pin function vin is the supply pin for the charge pump. a small 1 f ceramic bypass capacitor is required between the vin pin and ground near the device. the operating input voltage range is from 2.5v to 5.5v. whenever the input supply falls below the under-voltage threshold (2v) all the led channels will be automatically disabled an d the device register are reset to default values. en/set is the enable and one wire addressable control logic input for all led channels. guaranteed levels of logic high and logic low are set at 1.3v and 0.4v respectively. when en /set is initially taken high, the device becomes enabled and all led currents remain at 0ma. to place the device into zero current mode, the en/set pin must be held low for more than 1.5ms. vout is the charge pump output that is connected to the led anodes. a small 1 f ceramic bypass capacitor is required between the vout pin and ground near the device. gnd is the ground reference for the charge pump. the pin must be connected to the ground plane on the pcb. c1+, c1- are connected to each side of the ceramic bucket capacitor c1. c2+, c2- are connected to each side of the ceramic bucket capacitor c2. ledxx provide the internal regulated current for each of the led cathodes. these pins enter high- impedance zero current stat e whenever the device is placed in shutdown mode. tab is the exposed pad underneath the package. for best thermal performance, the tab should be soldered to the pcb and connected to the ground plane.
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 8 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice block diagram figure 2. cat3636 functional block diagram basic operation at power-up, the cat3636 starts operating in 1x mode where the output will be approximately equal to the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). if the output voltage is sufficient to regulate all led currents, the device remains in 1x operating mode. if the input voltage is insufficient or falls to a level where the regulated currents cannot be maintained, the device automatically switches into 1.33x mode (after a fixed delay time of about 400 s). in 1.33x mode, the output voltage is approximately equal to 1.33 times the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). if the input voltage is insufficient again or falls to a level where the regulated currents cannot be maintained, the device will automatically switch to the 1.5x boost mode (after a fixed delay time of about 400 s). in 1.5x mode, the output is approximately equal to 1.5 times the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). if the input voltage fails more or is still insufficient to drive the leds, it will automatically switch again into 2x mode where the output is approximately equal to 2 times the input supply voltage (less any internal voltage losses). if the device detects a sufficient input voltage is present to drive all led currents in 1x mode, it will change automatically back to 1x mode. this only applies for changing back to the 1x mode.
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 9 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice led current setting the current in each of the six led channels is programmed through the 1-wire en/set digital control input. by pulsing this signal according to a specific protocol, a set of internal registers can be addressed and written into allowing to configure each bank of leds with the desired curren t. there are six registers: the first five are 4 bits long and the sixth is 1 bit long. the registers are programmed by first selecting the register address and then programming data into that register. an internal counter records the number of falling edges to identify the address and data. the address is serially programmed adhering to low and high duration time delays. one down pulse corresponds to register 1 being selected. two down pulses correspond to register 2 being selected and so on up to register 6. t lo and t hi must be within 200ns to 100 s. anything below 200ns may be ignored. once the final rising edge of the address pointer is programmed, the user must wait 500 s to 1000 s before programming the first data pulse falling edge. if the falling edge of the data is not received within 1000 s, the device will revert back to waiting for an address. data in a register is reset once it is selected by the address pointer. if a register is selected but no data is programmed, then the register value is reset back to its initial default value with all data bits to 0. once the final rising edge of the data pulses is programmed, the user must wait 1.5ms before programming another address. if programming fails or is interrupted, the user must wait t resetdelay 2ms from the last rising edge before reprogramming can commence. upon power-up, the device automatically starts looking for an address. if no falling edge is detected within 100 s of power-up, then the user must wait 2ms before trying to program the device again. the device requires a minimum 10 s delay to ensure the initialization of the inter nal logic at power-up. after this time delay, the device registers may be programmed adhering to the timing constraints shown in figure 1. to power-down the device and turn-off all current sources, the en/set input should be kept low for a duration t off of 1.5ms or more. the driver typically powers-down with a delay of about 1ms. all register data are lost. figure 3. en/set one wire addressable timing diagram
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 10 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice register configuration and programming table 1. register address and data data pattern register address pulses description bits bit 3 bit 2 bit 1 bit 0 reg1 1 bank enable and imode 4 imode ena enb enc reg2 2 global current setting 4 reg3 3 bank a current setting 4 reg4 4 bank b current setting 4 reg5 5 bank c current setting 4 see table 2 for values reg6 6 return lockout 1 rtlko table 2. reg2-5 current setting registers data pulses reg1-6 value (binary) led current imode = 0 led current imode = 1 0 0000 0.0ma 2ma 1 1111 3.75ma 32ma 2 1110 3.5ma 30ma 3 1101 3.25ma 28ma 4 1100 3ma 26ma 5 1011 2.75ma 24ma 6 1010 2.5ma 22ma 7 1001 2.25ma 20ma 8 1000 2ma 18ma 9 0111 1.75ma 16ma 10 0110 1.5ma 14ma 11 0101 1.25ma 12ma 12 0100 1ma 10ma 13 0011 0.75ma 8ma 14 0010 0.5ma 6ma 15 0001 0.25ma 4ma 16 0000 0.0ma 2ma register reg1 allows to set the mode and select the pairs of leds to be turned on. a low led current mode exists to allow for very low current operation under 4ma per channel. if imode equals 1, the high current range is selected up to 32ma. if imode is set to 0, all currents are divided by 8. each bank of leds (a, b or c) can be turned on independently by setting the respective bit ena, enb, enc to 1. register reg2 allows to set the same current for all 6 channels. reg3, reg4, reg5 allow to set the current respectively in banks a, b and c. the three banks can be programmed with independent current values. reg6 contains the return lockout (rtlko) bit. this stops the charge pump returning to 1x mode. one pulse sets it to 1. two pulses or no pulses set rtlko to 0. when rtlko is set to 1, the charge pump cannot automatically return to 1x mode when in one of the charge pump modes. the device can however move from 1x to 1.33x to 1.5x to 2x if the input voltage is not sufficient to drive the programmed led currents. reg6 also triggers a charge pump reset as soon as it is addressed. this forces the charge pump to start from 1x mode and reassess the correct mode it should be in to drive the leds most efficiently. if the input voltage has risen or the device has been reprogrammed to other led values, it is recommended to trigger this reset allowing the charge pump to run in the most efficient mode. the cat3636 enters a ?zero current? shutdown mode if en/set is held low for 1.5ms or more. all registers are reset back to zero when the device is placed in shutdown.
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 11 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice programming examples programming 6 leds to 20ma programming 6 leds to 32ma programming 6 leds to 1ma
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 12 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice unused led channels for applications with only four or two leds, unused led banks can be disabled via the enable register internally and left to float. for applications with 5 leds or less, unused leds can also be disabled by connecting the led pin directly to vout, as shown on figure 4. if led pin voltage is within 1v of vout, then the channel is switched off and a 200 a test current is placed in the channel to sense when the channel moves below vout ? 1v. figure 4. five led application protection mode if an led is disconnected, the output voltage vout automatically limits at about 5.5v. this is to prevent the output pin from exceeding its absolute maximum rating. if the die temperature exceeds +150c the driver will enter a thermal protection shutdown mode. when the device temperature drops by about 20c the device will resume normal operation. led selection leds with forward voltages (v f ) ranging from 1.3v to 5.0v may be used with the cat3636. selecting leds with lower v f is recommended in order to improve the efficiency by keeping the dr iver in 1x mode longer as the battery voltage decreases. for example, if a white led with a v f of 3.3v is selected over one with v f of 3.5v, the cat3636 will stay in 1x mode for lower supply voltage of 0.2v. this helps improve the efficiency and extends battery life. external components the driver requires two external 1 f ceramic capacitors for decoupling input, output, and for the charge pump. both capacitors type x5r and x7r are recommended for the led driver application. in all charge pump modes, the input current ripple is kept very low by design and an input bypass capacitor of 1 f is sufficient. in 1x mode, the device operates in linear mode and does not introduce switching noise back onto the supply. recommended layout in charge pump mode, the driver switches internally at a high frequency. it is recommended to minimize trace length to all four capacitors. a ground plane should cover the area under the driver ic as well as the bypass capacitors. short connection to ground on capacitors cin and cout can be implemented with the use of multiple via. a copper area matching the tqfn exposed pad (tab) must be connected to the ground plane underneath. the use of multiple via improves the package heat dissipation. figure 5. recommended layout
cat3636 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. 13 doc. no. 5020 rev. a characteristics subject to change without notice package outlines 16 lead tqfn (hv3) notes: (1) all dimensions are in millimeters, angles in degrees. (2) complies with jedec standard mo-220. for current tape & reel information, download the pdf file from: http://www.catsemi.com/documents/tapeandreel.pdf
cat3636 doc. no. 5020 rev. a 14 ? 2006 catalyst semiconductor, inc. characteristics subject to change without notice example of ordering information notes: (1) all packages are rohs-compliant (lead-free, halogen-free). (2) the standard lead finish is matte-tin. (3) the device used in the above example is a cat3636hv3?t2 (tqfn, tape & reel). (4) for additional package and temperature options, please contact your nearest ca talyst semiconductor sales office. optional company id package hv3: tqfn prefix device # suffix cat 3636 hv3 ? t2 product number t: tape & reel 2: 2000/reel
revision history date rev. reason 09/08/06 a initial issue copyrights, trademarks and patents trademarks and register ed trademarks of catalyst semiconductor include each of the following: dpp ? ae2 ? quad-mode ? catalyst semiconductor has been issued u. s. and foreign patents and has patent applicat ions pending that protect its products. catalyst semiconductor makes no warranty, representation or gu arantee, express or implied, regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor that the use of its pro ducts will not infringe its intellectual property rights or the rights of third parties with respect to any particular use or application and specifically disclaims any and all liability aris ing out of any such use or application, including but not limited to, consequential or incidental damages. catalyst semiconductor products are not designed, intended, or authorized for use as components in systems intended for surgica l implant into the body, or other applications intended to support or sustain life, or for any ot her application in which the failure of the catalyst semiconduct or product could create a situation where personal injury or death may occur. catalyst semiconductor reserves the right to make changes to or discontinue any product or se rvice described herein without not ice. products with data sheets labeled "advance information" or "preliminary" and other products described herein may not be in pr oduction or offered for sale. catalyst semiconductor advises customers to obtain the current version of the rele vant product informati on before placing order s. circuit diagrams illustrate typical semiconductor applications and may not be complete. catalyst semiconductor, inc. corporate headquarters 2975 stender way santa clara, ca 95054 phone: 408.542.1000 document no: 5020 fax: 408.542.1200 revision: a www.catsemi.com issue date: 09/08 / 06

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